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GARFIELD TOURNEY, M.D.; WARREN O. NELSON, Ph.D.; JACQUES S. GOTTLIEB, M.D.

A.M.A. Arch Neurol Psychiatry. 1953;70(2):240-253.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text PDF and any section headings.

TESTES FUNCTION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA: REVIEW OF LITERATURE

SINCE the early conceptualizations of dementia praecox, or, as it is now more commonly designated, schizophrenia, by Kraepelin¹ and Bleuler,² attention has been directed toward the possible occurrence of endocrine abnormalities during the course of the illness. Leading to this interest were the early observations of striking abnormalities in the psychosexual field manifest prior to and during the course of the illness. Heterosexual object relations are inadequate; marriage occurs infrequently, and homosexuality is common, both in latent and in overt forms.³

These clinical abnormalities involving psychosexuality led to postulations and investigations of possible alterations in gonadal function and structure in schizophrenia. Kraepelin¹ originally considered that dementia praecox was attributable to an autointoxication arising in the gonads, and, although he later relinquished this idea, he continued to believe that a metabolic intoxication caused the illness. Mott and co-workers⁴ made . . . [Full Text PDF of this Article]

Author Affiliations
MIAMI, FLA.; IOWA CITY; MIAMI, FLA.

From the Departments of Psychiatry (Dr. Gottlieb) and Anatomy (Dr. Nelson), State University of Iowa College of Medicine.

Footnotes
Dr. R. H. Flocks, of the Department of Urology of the State University of Iowa School of Medicine, obtained the biopsy specimens.

Dr. Max E. White, Superintendent, Independence Mental Health Institute, Independence, Iowa, made available the institutionalized patients used in this study.

These data are taken in part from a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, in the Department of Psychiatry and the Graduate College (Dr. Tourney).

This investigation was supported in part by a research grant (RG1778) from the Division of Research Grants and Fellowships of the National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service.